转基因：美国认错了。

2015-8-27 12:48| 发布者: 风在手| 查看: 3782| 评论: 21|原作者: 直言了|来自: 直言了博客

摘要: 转基因：美国认错了。直言了，2015-08-05 /2015-08-23 19:41:14。 http://zhiyanle.blog.hexun.com/101722816_d.html .... .... 今年07月02日，美国白宫以科技顾问备忘录形式颁布了行政令，标题挺长： MEMO ...

转基因：美国认错了。

【附件】：美国白宫关于改造现有转基因食品作物国家管理体系的备忘录原文：

MEMORANDUM FOR HEADS OF FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION，ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY， AND DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE。
July 2， 2015。
https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites ... ucts_memo_final.pdf 。

FROM:
John P. Holdren， Assistant to the President for Science and Technology， Director， Office of Science and Technology Policy.
Howard Shelanski， Administrator， Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs， Office of Management and Budget.
Darci Vetter， Chief Agricultural Negotiator， United States Trade Representative.
Christy Goldfuss， Managing Director， Council on Environmental Quality.

SUBJECT: Modernizing the Regulatory System for Biotechnology Products [1]

Our regulatory system must protect public health， welfare， safety， and our environment while promoting economic growth， innovation， competitiveness， and job creation.[2] This memorandum initiates a process to modernize the Federal regulatory system for the products of biotechnology and to establish mechanisms for periodic updates of that system. The objectives are to ensure public confidence in the regulatory system and to prevent unnecessary barriers to future innovation and competitiveness by improving the transparency， coordination， predictability， and efficiency of the regulation of biotechnology products while continuing to protect health and the environment.

This memorandum shall be implemented consistent with applicable law， Executive Order 13563， Executive Order 13610， and the 2011 “Principles for Regulation and Oversight of Emerging Technologies” memorandum. [2， 3， 4]. Through those policies， this Administration has sought regulatory approaches that protect health and the environment while reducing regulatory burdens and avoiding unjustifiably inhibiting innovation， stigmatizing new technologies， or creating trade barriers. These principles must now be applied to updating the regulatory framework and systems that regulate the products of biotechnology.

Background

In 1986， the Office of Science and Technology Policy （OSTP） issued the Coordinated Framework for the Regulation of Biotechnology （CF），[5] which describes the comprehensive Federal regulatory policy for ensuring the safety of biotechnology products. The CF sought to achieve a balance between regulation adequate to ensure the protection of health and the environment while maintaining sufficient regulatory flexibility to avoid impeding innovation. In 1992， OSTP issued an update to the CF6 that sets forth a risk-based， scientifically sound basis for the oversight of activities that introduce biotechnology products into the environment. The update affirmed that Federal oversight should focus on the characteristics of the product and the environment into which it is being introduced， rather than the process by which the product is created.

Each of the Federal regulatory agencies with jurisdiction over the products of biotechnology has developed regulations and guidance ｄｏｃｕｍｅｎｔs to implement its authority under existing laws， resulting in a complex system for assessing and managing health and environmental risks of the products of biotechnology. While the current regulatory system for the products of biotechnology effectively protects health and the environment， in some cases unnecessary costs and burdens associated with uncertainty about agency jurisdiction， lack of predictability of timeframes for review， and other processes have arisen. These costs and burdens have limited the ability of small and mid-sized companies to navigate the regulatory process and of the public to understand easily how the safety of these products is assured; and， accordingly， they have the potential to reduce economic growth， innovation， and competitiveness.

Advances in science and technology， moreover， have dramatically altered the biotechnology landscape since the 1992 update of the CF. Such advances can enable the development of products that were not previously possible. A further update of the CF is needed to facilitate the appropriate Federal oversight by the regulatory system and increase transparency， while continuing to provide a framework for advancing innovation.

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转基因：美国认错了。

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